PHP

 PHP

1. Origins

The PHP language was created in 1994, the site of Rasmus Lerdof. He had created a personal page with his resume, he wanted to keep track of the passage of our visitors and to do so, he invented some scripts. Soon, users who discover the site, seeking a copy of the language. This is the beginning of success for Rasmus who decides that his language will be made freely available to users (at least under the GNU license after the Linux world). A community of developers has helped improve the language (currently version 4). For the record, know that the original PHP meant "Personal Home Pages", given the power of this language programmers have opted for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor".

2. Specificities compared to other dynamic languages

There are many languages ​​for dynamic web pages. There are: JavaScript, ASP language from Microsoft, JSP (Java Server Pages), Perl, CGI scripts (Common Gateway Interface) ... My purpose is not to scratch a particular language. It would be fruitless to go this route. Each language has its fans and detractors.However, the PHP language combines several advantages that make it particularly interesting for a beginner or a school setting.

The speed
Experts agree that this language generates scripts particularly fast in terms of response time of the server. This is because the PHP can be integrated into the Linux kernel. On the Web, most servers run on a Linux platform with Apache.

Security
With PHP, your scripts will remain confidential. The server merely refers to the HTML browser of the user who visits your site.

Maximum compatibility
As I said before, the server returns only HTML to the browser. This ensures maximum compatibility with most browsers. This compatibility is also particularly interesting regarding operating systems. There are PHP distributions for Linux, Windows, Windows NT, Macintosh, FreeBSD, Solaris and even Amiga. To conclude on this point, the PHP language is compatible with many databases. A PHP script can query a Mysql database, Access, Oracle, Dbase, PostgreSQL, filepro ...

Free
PHP scripts are mostly developed under the GNU license. This is particularly interesting in a school setting. Different software are used almost all the free field (Apache, PHP libraries and distributions, Mysql database, specialized publishers ...)

Completeness
The language has many more features than its direct competitor to Microsoft's ASP. Furthermore the source code is free, all additions and extensions are available to developers. Thus, the bugs are quickly fixed.

The simplicity
The PHP is relatively easy to learn. One can quickly develop functional sites. People who have some knowledge of programming should quickly adapt to this language. The syntax is similar to that of the C language PHP does not generate rejection phenomenon as with Perl.

Documentation available in French
Unlike some other languages, there are many PHP related resources on the Web. There is a community of developers and generally available (see paragraph 4 "Bibliography and Online Resources"). PHP is currently in vogue on the Net. Experts observe a migration of many sites of ASP (Microsoft) to PHP.However, be aware that the sites most demanding professionals require more sophisticated languages ​​(but also more difficult to control) such as Java.

3/Installation of the various modules

Before you can develop in PHP, you must first install on your machine a few applications or modules. Thus, we have to emulate a local Web server (we'll use Apache to do this). We will cover the installation under Windows.

Play simplicity: EasyPHP
"Distribution" EasyPHP is the easiest to use for a beginner. It is available only for Windows 95 or higher. This is a "distribution" French.
Get the installation file on the site http://www.easyphp.org. This is an executable (*. Exe) that installs like any program. So just follow the installation procedure.
You just installed a server Apache, the PHP module (multiple versions are installed 2 to 4), a server MySQL databases and phpMyAdmin utility (back on the last two "applications" later in thisdocument). An icon is now visible on the taskbar (left of clock)

Using "EasyPHP" To do this, right click on the icon and choose "Start / Stop". This has the effect of activating the Apache server (the server and MySQL database see below). The server shutdown is the same way. By choosing "Quit" button closes the manager, the icon disappears from the taskbar. To find it: Start -> Programs -> EasyPHP

Apache Server Test: Start your browser, decline the proposed connection (or choose to work offline). Enter the following address in the appropriate area http://localhost or http://127.0.0.1 If you get the home page of the www directory, it means that the Apache server and PHP are working properly. You can right click on the icon and choose "local web" ..

Where to place my scripts? The working directory of EasyPHP is called www, it is normally in Program Files / EasyPHP (or in the installation directory chosen). In the www directory, there is a directory project1 (which you can rename). You must create a subdirectory for each project, to obtain a work area clear and consistent. Your scripts will be available to http://localhost/sous-répertoire/script.php3

Read More

INTRODUCTION AU HTML

INTRODUCTION TO HTML

Presentation of HTML

The HTML ("HyperText Markup Language") is a system that formalizes the writing of a document with formatting tags indicating how the document should be presented and the links it establishes with other documents.

It allows, among other things, reading documents on the Internet from different computers using the HTTP protocol, allowing access via the network to the documents identified by a unique address called a URL.

In fact the Web is a huge living archive of formatted text, images, sounds, video, etc.. These documents are organized around a home page that guides visitors to other pages with HTML hyperlinks.


HTML is a markup language

HTML is not a programming language is a simple text file containing tags to format the text, images, etc..
A tag is a command (a name) flanked by the lower character (<) and the superior character (>) for example "<H1>".

INTRODUCTION TO HTML TAGS

How to use html tags?

HTML tags can be unique tag <br> represents such a newline.They can also work in pairs to act on the text they enclose (the end tag is then preceded by a /):

<flag> Your formatted text </ label>

Thus <b> and </ b> to bold the text they enclose: <b> This text is bold </ b>

Note: the tags are not case sensitive, that is to say that we can write them either lowercase or uppercase

Html page minimum

An HTML page is a simple text file starting with the <HTML> tag and ending with the </ HTML>. It also contains a header describing the title of the page, then uncorps where is the content of the page.

The header is delimited by the HEAD of your HTML and </ HEAD>, the body is delimited by the <BODY> </ BODY>.

Thus the minimum HTML page can be represented as follows:

<HTML>
 
<HEAD>

<TITLE> Title </ TITLE>

</ HEAD>
 
<BODY>
 
Page content
-
</ BODY>
 
</ HTML>

Read More

LANGUAGES USED

TO CREATE A WEBSITE

The web pages are written in html (the files have the extension. Html or. Htm). This language does not require any special software, it is possible to write HTML (web pages so) just in the notepad windows.
But to avoid learning the HTML language, there is software that allows you to create pages very easily, with an interface resembling a word processor. These programs are called WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get: What you see is what you get when viewing the site).Example of programs: dreamweaver, frontpage.
This principle is however WYSIWYG perspective because there are several browsers (Internet Explorer, Netscape, Mozilla ...) and web pages do not appear in exactly the same way on these browsers, look how displays your site in each of them to be accessible from any browser.We must not forget that not everyone has a different screen resolution (it varies depending on screen size: 15,17,19 ... inches), so the visible surface of your site may be different from a visitor to another.
The HTML language is the basic language of the web, this language is said to be static: it does not create interactivity between visitors and the site, such as with a forum, a guestbook, a poll.
For these things, we must use another language, the language php (. Php extension).For those who want to understand this language and to make scripts for themselves, there is an introduction to php on the site.Than others to worry, there are many free php scripts that there has to install. For example, the script phpbb, used for the site's forum.You will find scripts for example Comscripts, or phpscripts hotscripts (the latter site is in English).
Most php scripts require a database to work: this is a mysql database. Most free hosts do not make available to mysql database, check this before choosing your web host.Example of free web hosts that offer a mysql database: free, multimania.For more information, read the article on the web hosts web

Read More

INFORMATION ABOUT VITAMINS A-B

Vitamin A belongs to the group of nutrients called fat-soluble vitamins, while the B vitamins are classified as water-soluble. When originally discovered, researchers thought that vitamin B was a single compound. Upon further investigation, however, scientists realized that what was once named water-soluble B was actually a family of eight different vitamin compounds: thiamin, riboflavin, folate, niacin, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, pantothenic acid and biotin.

Vitamin A

The term vitamin A refers to a family of substances called retinoids, which include retinol, retinal and retinoic acid. Collectively, these substances are called preformed vitamin A. Retinol is the most usable form of the retinoids and can be converted to retinal and retinoic acid in your body. Preformed vitamin A is only found in animal food sources, such as milk, eggs and organ meats like liver.

Plant foods contain a substances called provitamin A carotenoids, which your body converts into retinol. The carotenoids are responsible for the yellow-red pigments that provide foods such as carrots and butternut squash with their color. There are more than 600 carotenoids, but only three of them, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin and alpha carotene, are converted to vitamin A, according to "Nutrition and You" by Joan Salge Blake.

Functions of Vitamin A

Vitamin A allows your retina to convert light into images. Vitamin A is also essential for cell regulation, gene expression and immune health. Consuming adequate amounts of vitamin A when you are pregnant ensures that the limbs, heart, eyes and ears of the developing fetus form correctly.

B Vitamin Functions

Vitamins do not contain calories, so they do not provide a direct source of energy. You do require the B vitamins to turn the protein, fat and carbohydrates you eat into energy, however. Specific B vitamins also play independent roles in your body. Thiamin keeps your nerves healthy and helps break down alcohol in your body. Niacin helps you synthesize fat and cholesterol in your body. Vitamin B-6 and vitamin B-12 play essential roles in the creation of red blood cells. Folate helps make the DNA in your cells and prevents birth defects in a developing fetus.

Sources of B Vitamins

Most of the B vitamins in your diet come from enriched breads and grains and fortified cereals. Milk and yogurt are good sources of riboflavin and meat, fish and poultry contain significant amounts of niacin and vitamin B-12. Nuts, peanut butter and legumes provide vitamin B-6, pantothenic acid and biotin. Leafy green vegetables, such as spinach and lettuce, broccoli and asparagus are good sources of folate.

Read More